Open Census Data
SafeGraph’s Open Census Data includes all data from the American Community Survey 5-year Estimates by Census Block Group (CBG) for the release years 2016 - 2020, 2020 Decennial Census Redistricting Files by CBG, and associated CBG geometry files. Each dataset can be downloaded separately depending on the data you need access to.
Overview
SafeGraph's Open Census Data includes the United States Census Bureau's American Community Survey 5-year Estimates (5-year ACS), reported at the Census Block Group level, for the release years 2016-2020, the Census' 2020 Redistricting Data, also reported at the Census Block Group level, and the Census Block Group geometries for the decades 2010-2019 and 2020-2029.
There are eight datasets available, which can be downloaded separately depending on your needs:
- 2016 5-year ACS (1.1gb download, 5.1gb uncompressed)
- 2017 5-year ACS (1.0gb download, 5.0gb uncompressed)
- 2018 5-year ACS (1.1gb download, 5.3gb uncompressed)
- 2019 5-year ACS (1.1gb download, 5.4gb uncompressed)
- 2010-2019 Census Block Group geometries (300mb download, 1.8gb uncompressed)
- 2020-2029 Census Block Group geometries (300mb download, 1.9gb uncompressed)
- 2020 Census Redistricting Data (30mb download, 170mb uncompressed)
- 2020 5-year ACS (1.2gb download, 5.6gb uncompressed)
Each dataset includes two components:
- All demographic data from the 5-year ACS or Decennial Census for the given release year, reported at the census block group level.
- Metadata files for parsing Census geographies and variable names.
The datasets are available for download for free 🆓 at the SafeGraph Open Census Data page.
Check out the starter guide 🎉: Everything you need to know to get started with Census and American Community Survey Data
Note that the 5-year ACS contains more precise but less current data than the 1-year ACS. Read more here about the trade-offs between the 5-year and 1-year ACS.
Schema
Data
File Structure
Each ACS dataset is comprised of two directories:
/data/- Includes all Census attribute tables.
- All files are comma-delimited CSVs where the Census Block Group ID (
census_block_group) is the primary key. - Census attribute tables are identified by their Census table ID. For example,
cbg_b01.csvcontains the table IDs that begin withb01such asB01001.- Note that there is only one attribute table (
cbg_data.csv) for the 2020 Redistricting Data.
- Note that there is only one attribute table (
/metadata/cbg_field_descriptions.csv: a mapping between census attribute name and table IDcbg_fips_codes.csv: a mapping between Census Block Group IDs to cities and countiescbg_geographic_data.csv: statistics about Census Block Group geometry (land/water %, interpolated lat/long).
Census Attribute Tables (/data/cbg_[tableid-prefix].csv)
/data/cbg_[tableid-prefix].csv)Every attribute table contains several Table ID columns. The specific number of Table ID columns in an attribute table depends on the table ID prefix.
Note that the Table IDs available can vary by release year. For instance the tables beginning with prefix B29 were first made available in the 2018 5-year ACS. Year-to-year changes to ACS tables can be found here.
| Column Name | Description | Type | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
census_block_group | The unique 12-digit FIPS code for the Census Block Group. Please note that some CBGs have leading zeroes. | String | 010010201001 |
Table ID (e.g., B01001e1 ) | The sample values associated with the table ID of interest. For example, if the table ID of interest was B01001e1 the value would be the SEX BY AGE: Total: Total population -- (Estimate) for the Census Block Group listed in census_block_group. | Integer / Double | For table ID B01001e1 in the 2019 release, an example value would be 730 for Census Block Group 010010201001 . |
| Table ID | As above | ||
| ... | As above | Integer | As above |
| [number of columns varies by file] |
Field Descriptions (/metadata/cbg_field_descriptions.csv)
/metadata/cbg_field_descriptions.csv)The field descriptions table provides a mapping between the table ID used in attribute tables and the description of the field. A full list of table definitions can be found in the American Community Survey documentation.
Note that the schema for the 2016 release differs from the schema used for the 2017-2020 releases.
2017-2020 schema
| Column Name | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
table_id | The Census Table ID as defined by the Census Bureau. | B23007e36 |
table_number | The sequence of numbers that identifies the table within a subject. | B23007 |
table_title | The name of the table. | Presence Of Own Children Under 18 Years By Family Type By Employment Status |
table_topics | The topics covered by the table. | Children, Employment and Labor Force Status, Family Size and Type |
table_universe | The subset of the population surveyed for this table. | Opposite-sex married-couple families and families maintained by women and men with no spouse present |
field_level_1 | Whether the values for the Table ID represent an estimate or a margin of error. | Estimate |
field_level_2 | The first level of demographic focus for the selected attribute. | PRESENCE OF OWN CHILDREN UNDER 18 YEARS BY FAMILY TYPE BY EMPLOYMENT STATUS |
field_level_3 | The second level of demographic focus for the selected attribute. | Opposite-sex married-couple families and families maintained by women and men with no spouse present |
field_level_4 | The third level of demographic focus for the selected attribute. | Total |
field_level_5 | The fourth level of demographic focus for the selected attribute. | No children under 18 years |
field_level_6 | The fifth level of demographic focus for the selected attribute. | Married-couple family |
field_level_7 | The sixth level of demographic focus for the selected attribute. | Husband in labor force |
field_level_8 | The seventh level of demographic focus for the selected attribute. | Employed or in Armed Forces |
field_level_9 | The eighth level of demographic focus for the selected attribute. | Wife in labor force |
field_level_10 | The ninth level of demographic focus for the selected attribute. | Employed or in Armed Forces |
2016 schema
| Column Name | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
table_id | The Census Table ID as defined by the Census Bureau. | B23007e36 |
field_full_name | The full name of the census attribute. | Presence Of Own Children Under 18 Years By Family Type By Employment: No children under 18 years: Married-couple family: Husband in labor force: Employed or in Armed Forces: Wife in labor force: Employed or in Armed Forces: Opposite-sex married-couple families and families maintained by women and men with no spouse present -- (Estimate) |
field_level_1 | The first level of demographic focus for the selected attribute. | Presence Of Own Children Under 18 Years By Family Type By Employment Status |
field_level_2 | The second level of demographic focus for the selected attribute. | No Children Under 18 Years |
field_level_3 | The third level of demographic focus for the selected attribute. | Married-Couple Family |
field_level_4 | The fourth level of demographic focus for the selected attribute. | Husband In Labor Force |
field_level_5 | The fifth level of demographic focus for the selected attribute. | Employed Or In Armed Forces |
field_level_6 | The sixth level of demographic focus for the selected attribute. | Wife In Labor Force |
field_level_7 | The seventh level of demographic focus for the selected attribute. | Employed Or In Armed Forces |
field_level_8 | The eighth level of demographic focus for the selected attribute. | Opposite-Sex Married-Couple Families And Families Maintained By Women And Men With No Spouse Present -- (Estimate) |
Other Reference Data
FIPS Codes (/metadata/cbg_fips_codes.csv)
/metadata/cbg_fips_codes.csv)The FIPS codes file provides a reference file to derive state and county for a census block group through the state and county FIPS codes. The first two digits of a Census Block Group represent the state_fips code and the next three digits represent a county_fips code.
| Column Name | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
state | State Abbreviation | AL |
state_fips | The state FIPS code that maps to the first 2 digits of a CBG. | 01 |
county_fips | The county FIPS code that maps to the 3rd-5th digits of a CBG. | 013 |
county | County Name | Butler County |
class_code | Geographic Class Code representing types of geographies per Census documentation. | H1 |
Census Block Group Geometry Data
File Structure
The Census Block Group geometry datasets contains a single GeoJSON file titled cbg.geojson with the polygons for all Census Block Groups used by the Census Bureau for the decades 2010-2019 and 2020-2029.
For the 2010-2019 Census Block Groups, we publish the 2016 vintage specifically, which match the geometries used to produce our Patterns and Neighborhood Patterns products. For the 2020-2029 Census Block Groups, we publish the 2020 vintage. Note that changes to county and state boundaries can cause minor changes to Census Block Group boundaries year-to-year.
Geographic Data (/metadata/cbg_geographic_data.csv)
/metadata/cbg_geographic_data.csv)| Column Name | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
census_block_group | Census Block Group ID | 010010203001 |
amount_land | The amount of land in the Census Block Group in square meters. | 3866515 |
amount_water | The amount of water in the Census Block Group in square meters. | 9054 |
latitude | The interpolated center latitude coordinate of the Census Block Group. | 32.480175 |
longitude | The interpolated center longitude coordinate of the Census Block Group. | -86.4607925 |
Terms of Use
Census Data is made available under the CC0 license
This product uses the Census Bureau Data API but is not endorsed or certified by the Census Bureau.
Updated over 2 years ago